Literature Review

Palliative video consultation and symptom distress among rural inpatients-A randomized clinical trialCritical Care Medicine; Marie A. Bakitas, DNSc, RN; Shena Gazaway, PhD, RN; Felicia Underwood, MSW, MPS, LICSW-S; Christiana Ekelem, BS; Vantrice T. Heard, PhD; Richard Kennedy, MD, PhD; Andres Azuero, PhD; Rodney Tucker, MD, MMM; Susan McCammon, MD, PhD; Joshua M. Hauser, MD; Lucas McElwain, MD; Ronit Elk, PhD; 7/25The triple threat of rural geography, racial inequities, and older age has hindered access to high-quality palliative care for many people in the US. Only 70% of the deep South vs 85% to 94% of the rest of the US has palliative care despite the deep South having the greatest needs due to suboptimal health care access and elevated morbidity and mortality. In this RCT [randomized clinical trial] among Black or African American and White chronically ill hospitalized adults, culturally based specialist palliative care video consultation was not associated with statistically significant reduced symptom distress compared with usual care, but there was a clinically meaningful difference ... between groups. Contrary to our hypotheses, intervention participants’ QOL [quality of life] and resource use (secondary outcomes) also were not improved. Assistant Editor's note: This study reminds us that palliative care delivered virtually, as opposed to in-person, may not be of benefit to some individuals. It also reminds us that palliative care, at its best, is delivered on an ongoing basis by a known, trusted professional, as opposed to a one-time session with a consultant. 

[Norway] iLIVE volunteer study: Volunteer and healthcare professional perceptions of newly developed hospital end-of-life-care volunteer services, in five countriesPalliative Medicine; Tamsin McGlinchey, Stephen Mason, Grethe Skorpen Iversen, Dagny Faksvåg Haugen, Inmaculada Ruiz Torreras, Pilar Barnestein Fonseca, Miša Bakan, Berivan Yildiz, Ruthmarijke Smeding, Anne Goossensen, Agnes van der Heide, John Ellershaw; 5/25Volunteer services that provide direct support to patients receiving palliative and end-of-life care in hospitals are new and developing, but little is known about the use and experience of such services from key stakeholders. 20 Volunteers and 20 healthcare professionals were recruited. Three overall themes were generated: (1) Volunteers provided 'unique, distinct, 'community' support' bringing familiarity to an unfamiliar, medically focussed environment. (2) Volunteers were able to 'establish a connection centred on 'being there' within the acute hospital environment' despite the fast paced and highly changeable environment. (3) Through 'relational interactions adapted to the individual person' volunteers attended to patients' existential and emotional needs. These services confer benefits that are transferrable across cultures and countries, 'fusing' formal care with the informal visiting of family or friends, attending to patients' existential needs.

Health equity starts at home: Renewing the heart of nursing  Minority Nurse; by Michelle Cortez Adams; 7/10/25 ... I started my nursing career in the ICU, told (as many of us are) that hospital experience was a must. And while the work was meaningful, it wasn’t fulfilling. My patients were often unconscious. My goal was to stabilize and transfer them. I never got to know their stories, their families, or whether they ever found healing beyond discharge. That changed when I moved into home hospice and then home health care. This shift taught me that home nursing is not only a career path—it’s a calling. I saw the impact of my work every day. I helped clients reach personal goals, not just clinical benchmarks. I was welcomed into their lives by name. I wasn’t just preserving life—I was restoring it. Home health care reminded me why I became a nurse in the first place: to form real connections, to bring comfort and dignity, and to care for the whole person—body, mind, and spirit.

How to give physicians autonomy—and protect them from burnout American Medical Association (AMA); by Georgia Garvey; 7/1/25 Almost everyone appreciates having autonomy at work. But when physicians spend more than a decade in high-stakes and grueling medical training, only to enter practice with virtually no control over their work environment, schedule or day, it can lead to the kind of spiraling frustration that often turns into burnout or leaving the profession entirely. “It’s one of those things where the more you try to micromanage a physician’s schedule, the more a feeling of distrust you give to the physicians ...” said Jill Jin, MD, MPH, an internist and senior physician adviser for the AMA, one of the authors of the AMA STEPS Forward® “Value of Feeling Valued Playbook.” ... Though the percentages of those experiencing burnout have declined from the peak during the COVID-19 public health emergency, 43.2% of physicians still say they have at least one symptom of burnout.  ... When physicians feel valued—... as competent professionals who have devoted immense time and energy to becoming experts at their jobs—it is proven to be positively associated with lower levels of burnout.

Workplace violence bill passes the Oregon House and Senate, heads to Governor's desk The Source, Bend, OR; 6/30/25 The Oregon Legislative Assembly passed groundbreaking workplace violence legislation aimed at keeping frontline healthcare workers safe in hospitals, and home health and hospice settings across Oregon. Senate Bill 537 B (SB 537) was passed by the House just three days after it was passed by the Senate and heads to Governor Kotek for her signature. ... What SB 537 Accomplishes: SB 537 focuses on pragmatic, prevention-oriented solutions that protect frontline nurses and caregivers in hospitals and in home health and hospice settings. ... Why This Matters: ... Nationally, between 2007 and 2022, hospital staff experienced a 181% increase in workplace violence injuries. In Oregon, a staggering 92% of ONA members reported incidents of violence last year—far above national averages.

6 healthcare layoffs in 1 weekBecker's Hospital Review; by Madeline Ashley; 6/26/25 Amid ongoing industry shifts, many hospitals and health systems are experiencing significant financial strain, prompting them to make difficult decisions such as laying off employees. Here are the six healthcare instances of layoffs that Becker’s has reported on since June 19:

How AI tools help home health providers dramatically lessen OASIS time burdenHome Health Care News; by Joyce Famakinwa; 6/18/25 As home health leaders continue to identify areas where artificial intelligence (AI) can be most beneficial to their businesses, some are beginning to utilize these tools to reduce the time burden of the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS). Payment and outcomes are directly impacted by OASIS data collection, making accurate OASIS data collection crucial for home health providers. Yet for many clinicians, OASIS data collection can be a major pain point due to its complexity and time demands. Providers who have turned to AI-powered tools report “dramatic” efficiency gains. Still, experts note that some “fine tuning” remains to be done before the technology reaches its full potential. 

Empath revamping physical, digital workspace for improved employee experience Hospice News; by Jim Parker; 6/16/25 ... [Empath is updating] its physical locations to enhance the workspace for employees. “Some of this workspace design that we’re doing is innovative. We’ve invested in common workplace environments. We have quiet rooms, where people can go and focus on rest, relaxation and ease in the middle of the day. We leave your laptops, leave your phones out of that room,” Fleece told Hospice News. “We’ve invested in common kitchen areas and gathering places that are like a workplace cafe, with coffee, lounge chairs, TVs and things like that, so people can get together and socialize while they are in the office.” Florida-based Empath Health is the parent company of 17 affiliates and four philanthropic foundations. The organization provides care to more than 81,000 patients annually. 

The two kinds of people in the world--and why it matters for leadership Fast Company; by Robert E. Siegel; 6/3/25 Hard-nosed leadership and compassionate leadership aren’t opposites. The best leaders embrace both. One provocative assertion I often make when teaching is that there are two kinds of people in the world: those who have hearts and those who don’t. ... I then share that many leaders look at changing technology and changing markets and realize that a lot of jobs in their companies will inevitably be eliminated within the next few years, and it’s not hard to predict which jobs will go away. The question is how the executives react to this realization. ... For the purposes of Systems Leadership, it doesn’t matter which type of person you are in my (admittedly reductive) shorthand. You need to invest in your people whether you have a heart or not, for at least three major reasons.

A single academic site study of five years evaluating pharmacy students’ palliative care clinical reasoning using Script Concordance TestingAmerican Journal of Hospice ad Palliative Medicine; Florence Labrador, PharmD-c; Kyle P. Edmonds, MD, FAAHPM; Toluwalase A. Ajayi, MD, FAAP, FAAHPM; Rabia S. Atayee, PharmD, BCPS, APh, FAAHPM; 5/25This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a Pain and Palliative Care elective didactic course on enhancing clinical reasoning skills among Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students using the Script Concordance Test (SCT). The elective course was offered six times, covering various palliative care topics such as opioid management, procedural pain, and end-of-life care. The study found a statistically significant improvement in SCT scores from pre- to post-course assessments ... This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a targeted palliative care elective in improving clinical reasoning skills among pharmacy students.

‘A missed opportunity’ for small systems needing nurse Becker's Clinical Leadership; by Mariah Taylor; 5/8/25  In February, South Dakota officials approved the state’s first registered nursing apprenticeship program through Huron Regional Medical Center. The apprenticeship is designed to attract English-as-a-second language nurses into the field, Sioux Falls Live reported May 7. The program was started by Norma Torres Ortiz, RN, a travel nurse contracted with Avera Health who works part time at the Huron Regional Medical Center. Ms. Ortiz is originally from Puerto Rico where she worked as a nurse. When she moved to the U.S., she found herself struggling to pass the NCLEX and find a nursing job due to language barriers. ... Large systems are building international nursing programs that recruit and hire nurses through work visas; however, smaller systems don’t have the funds to hire large numbers of international nurses through an agency. This is where a nurse apprenticeship program can fill the gap. Huron Regional Medical Center launched its practical nursing apprenticeship in 2018. ...

What it’s like to be…a hospice nurse Behavioral Scientist; by Dan Heath; 5/22/25 Comforting patients as they prepare to transition, navigating end-of-life regrets and frayed relationships, and providing support and advice for fearful families with Heather Meyerend, a retired hospice nurse. How does she know when the end is imminent? And what has the work taught her about the different ways we deal with death? In each episode of What It’s Like to Be…, bestselling author Dan Heath speaks with someone about what it’s like to walk in their (work) shoes.

You have made the right choice Boston University School of Public Health; by Jillian McKoy; 5/18/25 Public health faces enormous challenges ahead, and as of May 17, the field officially gained 461 additional practitioners who will dedicate their professional lives to eliminating health inequities, fighting for justice, and advancing health for all. On Saturday afternoon, the School of Public Health community, families, and friends gathered at the Boston University Track & Tennis Center to celebrate the achievements of the newest generation of public health leaders at the 2025 SPH Convocation.  Dean Ad Interim Michael Stein opened the event by acknowledging that the class of 2025 is “entering a very different world than the one that existed when they began this program of studies. “They are graduating at a time of unprecedented challenge and opportunity, but I personally witnessed the strength, resilience, and purpose that defines this class.”