Literature Review

Chapter 6: Medicare’s measurement of rural provider quality MedPAC; 6/12/25 ... Because of low patient volumes in many rural health care settings, there are practical challenges in measuring some individual rural providers’ quality of care and in holding these providers accountable in quality reporting programs. ... The Commission acknowledged these difficulties when it established specific principles to guide expectations about quality in rural areas. These principles were developed with hospitals in mind but could be applied to other providers. ... [On page 4 of 40] Rural skilled nursing facilities and dialysis facilities had lower shares of providers with publicly reported quality results compared with their urban counterparts; in contrast, rural home health agencies and hospices had higher shares of providers with publicly reported quality results compared with their urban counterparts.Editor's Note: For ranking of hospices by quality scores, examine the National Hospice Locator, provided to the public by Hospice Analytics (a sponsor of this newsletter). 

Global adoption of value-based health care initiatives within health systems-A scoping reviewJAMA Health Forum; Ayooluwa O. Douglas, MD, MPH; Senthujan Senkaiahliyan, MHSc; Caroline A. Bulstra, DVM, MHSc, PhD; Carol Mita, MS; Che L. Reddy, MBChB, MPH; Rifat Atun, MBBS, MBA; 5/25The value-based health care (VBHC) framework was introduced in the US in 2006 to combat rising health care expenditures that failed to produce improvements in patient quality, safety, and outcomes over the past decades. The framework focuses on 6 elements: (1) organizing care around medical conditions, (2) measuring outcomes and costs for every patient, (3) aligning reimbursement with value through bundled payments, (4) integrating care systems regionally, (5) establishing national centers of excellence for complex care, and (6) using information technology systems to support these elements. This scoping review of 50 initiatives found that the implementation of VBHC globally is still in its early stages, with published scientific literature pointing to small-scale institutional-level implementation within individual departments and hospitals. Large-scale implementation designed to develop high-value health systems is limited.

A World War II hero is facing his final battle - with Medicare | PennLive letters PennLive Patriot News; by PenLive Letters to the Editor; 6/5/25 “Is this how one treats a 100-year-old World War II Army veteran?” I am such, having defended my country in the Philippines and then as one of the first GIs to step on Japan’s shores when it surrendered. Today, I am a widower, living alone under hospice care in the same small, comfortable home my wife and I cherished for so many years. My health condition has deteriorated dramatically, due to the ravages of ESRD, bladder cancer, anemia, high blood pressure, depression, and loss of balance. I am mostly bedridden, waiting for the inevitable. And yet, just now, I have received a Notice of Discharge from hospice because of an “extended prognosis,” literally meaning in lay terms that, “I’m living too long for hospice and Medicare purposes.” They argue that I’m now able enough medically to make it on my own without hospice care! ... I know I have only weeks, perhaps a month to live, but their rejoinder is simply, “Thank you for your service, but get out of our sight.”Editor's note: Click here for a similar related article and my editor's note, Dementia patient discharged from hospice over Medicare requirement. Here’s why it happened. (One of our "most read" Sunday posts.) These cases are too common. Basic communication, information, and coordinated care planning can mitigate much of the distress and pain. How does this dynamic play out with the patients and families you serve?

CMS budget puts complaint surveys over routine inspections as main nursing home oversight McKnights Long-Term Care; by Kimberly Marselas; 6/2/25 A proposed 2026 Trump administration budget request would shift nursing home survey priorities, further delaying the time between standard inspections at many facilities. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services budget justification published late Friday calls for a $45 million increase in survey spending across multiple sectors next fiscal year. But it also prioritizes complaint surveys in a way that would reduce the availability of surveyors to conduct routine, annual inspections mandated by law. The document from the Department of Health and Human Services shows the percentage of nursing home standard surveys completed each year would fall from 74% in fiscal year 2024 to a projected 65% completion rate in fiscal year 2026. 

HHS faces $31B cuts in proposed FY ’26 budget: 6 notes Becker's Hospital Review; by Madeline Ashley; 6/2/25 President Donald Trump’s proposed fiscal 2026 budget slashes funding for the National Institutes of Health by $18 billion to $27.5 billion as part of a sweeping overhaul to realign federal healthcare spending.  The NIH received $46.4 billion in program level funding in 2024 and just over $46 billion in 2025, according to the budget proposal. [Continue reading for this article's lists of (1) consolidated institutes and centers; and (2) "six things to know."]

2 West Covina women arrested for alleged $4.8 million hospice care fraud CBS News KCAL, Los Angeles, CA; by Julie Sharp; 6/3/25 The U.S. Department of Justice announced that two West Covina women were arrested Tuesday for an alleged scheme to defraud Medicare of $4.8 million with false hospice care claims. One of the women who was arrested is the owner and operator of two West Covina hospices, Golden Meadows Hospice Inc., and D'Alexandria Hospice Inc., which billed Medicare for hospice services for patients who were allegedly not terminally ill.  Between Sept. 2018 and Oct. 2022, owner and operator Normita Sierra, 71, and her alleged accomplice, Rowena Elegado, 55, collected more than $3.8 million from Medicare on false claims, the DOJ said.

HOPE Tool Anxiety: What are we forgetting in the rush to prepare?Teleios Collaborative Network (TCN); by Melissa Calkins and Ashley Espy; 5/30/25 Panic is in the air.  With the HOPE assessment tool set to replace HIS, hospice teams are racing to prepare—scrubbing workflows, updating systems, and trying to wrap their heads around new clinical documentation demands.  But amid the rush, it's easy to overlook critical gaps: non-clinical staff being left out of planning, unclear timelines, poor communication, or the complete absence of a project lead.  HOPE isn't just about compliance—it's about execution. If we don't step back and ask what's missing, we risk rolling out a system that nobody is truly ready for.Steps to Operationalize the HOPE Tool:

LeadingAge, Hospice Associations seek delay in HOPE implementation LeadingAge; Press Release; 5/28/25 LeadingAge, along with the National Alliance for Care at Home and the National Partnership for Healthcare and Hospice Innovation, on May 19 urged the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to delay implementation of the Hospice Outcomes and Patient Evaluation, or HOPE tool. In the letter to CMS Administrator Dr. Mehmet Oz the associations outline concerns with technology implementation in preparation for the HOPE tool. The letter specifically asks CMS to waive the HOPE timeliness submission requirement for two calendar quarters post implementation. The letter further requests that CMS delay the HOPE implementation date until at least six months after CMS education, training, and final validation specifications are available and the application for iQIES access has been opened for hospices. 

Door remains closed on CMS forums as new rules, requirements are phased in McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Kimberly Marselas; 5/28/25 Four months into the new presidential administration, skilled nursing leaders have had no opportunity to hear directly from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services staff during traditional Open Door Forums or National Stakeholder Calls. Open Door Forums have been held three-to-five times annually in a practice that started more than 20 years ago. The online meetings give providers, vendors and other stakeholders an opportunity to learn more about regulatory and logistical changes being pursued by CMS, as well as providing question-and-answer sessions with policy architects. In addition to skilled nursing forums, CMS has in the past also hosted similar events for home health, long-term care services and supports, rural health and other provider types. But CMS in January cancelled a skilled nursing forum and all others planned for February and has yet to add any new forums or stakeholder calls — which often feature the administrator discussing major policy or clinical updates — to its calendar.

CMS: Kidney Care Choices (KCC) Model CMS.gov - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; 5/27/25 The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is announcing a coordinated set of changes to the Kidney Care Choices (KCC) Model starting in performance year 2026 that are expected to improve the model test by adjusting the financial methodology and participation options to improve model sustainability. In addition, the model is being extended by one year for continuation of quality care to beneficiaries through 2027. For more information, please visit KCC Model Performance Year 2026 Updates. 

Disproportionate impact: Supreme Court narrows disproportionate share hospital reimbursement to Supplemental Security Income cash recipients The National Law Review; by Vinay Kohli, Matthew J. Westbrook, D. Austin Rettew; 5/23/25 The U.S. Supreme Court has issued a significant ruling affecting hospitals that serve low-income Medicare beneficiaries, narrowing the interpretation of the Disproportionate Share Hospital (“DSH”) payment formula. In Advocate Christ Medical Center v. Kennedy, the Court determined that only Medicare patients who were eligible to receive a cash Supplemental Security Income (“SSI”) payment during the month of their hospitalization may be included in the calculation for additional DSH reimbursement. This decision represents a setback for more than 200 hospitals that had advocated for a broader, more inclusive definition of SSI entitlement, potentially reducing the financial support available for treating Medicare’s poorest patients. 

‘We need you to work with us’: Home health providers renegotiate better Medicare Advantage deals Home Health Care News; by Joyce Famakinwa; 5/20/25 As Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollment continues to surge, home health providers have seen slim margins deteriorate further. Some providers have openly expressed their decision to reject financially unsustainable MA contracts. Abandoning unfavorable MA contracts may sometimes be necessary, industry executives told Home Health Care News. However, some providers have improved their MA standing by renegotiating rates or returning after walking away, leveraging data and understanding the needs of payer partners. “We have walked away, in specific states, from payers and Medicare Advantage groups because of rates and the inability to raise those rates, and pre-authorization terms,” G. Scott Herman, CEO of New Day Healthcare, told HHCN. 

Proposed bill would require MA to pay for hospice care Hospice News; by Jim Parker; 5/21/25 Rep. David Schweikert (R-Ariz.) has introduced the Medicare Advantage Reform Act, which among other provisions would require health plans to pay for hospice care. If enacted, the bill, numbered H.R. 3467, would make wholesale changes to the Medicare Advantage program. It would mandate capitated payment models, change risk adjustment methodologies and create new exemptions for physician self-referrals, among other provisions. The potential impacts of moving hospice into Medicare Advantage at this time would be “devastating,” according to the National Alliance for Care at Home.