Literature Review

Medicaid hospice payments for room-and-board to resume in California Hospice News; by Jim Parker; 5/15/25 After years of nonpayment, the California Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) has instructed Medicaid managed care plans to pay hospices for nursing home room and board. The issue pertains to patients who are dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. When caring for patients in nursing homes, hospices typically pay for their room and board with the expectation that they will be reimbursed by Medicaid for those expenses. However, due to confusion among managed care plans that oversee Medicaid in most states, those hospices have not been receiving those payments.

Palliative and end-of-life care during critical cardiovascular illness: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association American Heart Association; by Erin A. Bohula, MD, DPhil, Michael J. Landzberg, MD, Venu Menon, MD, FAHA, Carlos L. Alviar, MD, Gregory W. Barsness, MD, FAHA, Daniela R. Crousillat, MD, Nelia Jain, MD, MA, Robert Page II, PharmD, MSPH, FAHA, Rachel Wells, PhD, MSN, and Abdulla A. Damluji, MD, PhD, MBA, FAHA on behalf of the American Heart Association Acute Cardiac Care and General Cardiology Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; 5/15/25 Abstract: Cardiac intensive care units are witnessing a demographic shift, characterized by patients with increasingly complex or end-stage cardiovascular disease with a greater burden of concomitant comorbid noncardiovascular disease. Despite technical advances in care that may be offered, many critically ill cardiovascular patients will nevertheless experience significant morbidity and mortality during the acute decompensation, including physical and psychological suffering. Palliative care, with its specialized focus on alleviating suffering, aligns treatments with patient and caregiver values and improves overall care planning. Integrating palliative care into cardiovascular disease management extends the therapeutic approach beyond life-sustaining measures to encompass life-enhancing goals, addressing the physical, emotional, psychosocial, and spiritual needs of critically ill patients. This American Heart Association scientific statement aims to explore the definitions and conceptual framework of palliative care and to suggest strategies to integrate palliative care principles into the management of patients with critical cardiovascular illness.

Family Hospice opens Dublin office to serve veterans and families in need of end-of-life care }NBC WMGT-41, Dublin, GA; by Bre'Anna Sheffield 5/13/25 Family Hospice expands to Dublin to serve the area's large veteran population and provide compassionate care for patients and families navigating end-of-life decisions. Many families face difficult decisions when it comes to hospice care. To help meet that need, Family Hospice is opening a new office in the Dublin area. The newly appointed CEO, Charles Hall, says the large veteran population in Dublin made it the right place to expand their services. 

Virtual nursing at Hackensack Meridian Health is making nurses and patients happy Healthcare IT News; by Bill Siwicki; 5/12/25 In-hospital nurses can focus on more critical tasks and direct patient care while virtual nurses handle the routine monitoring and documentation tasks. Patients appreciate more personalized support and the overall hospital experience. Hackensack Meridian Health has made a conscious effort to identify ways to streamline administrative tasks for its bedside teams, minimizing non-clinical burdens for frontline staff. ... Early results show virtual nursing supports faster discharging procedures, coordinated care planning and optimization of in-unit nursing time through the shifting of the documentation burden.

Nonprofit hospice home offers free, 24/7 end-of-life care to unhoused, low income Albuquerque Journal, Albuquerque, NM; by Gregory Hasman; 5/12/25 Dorothy Marquez has spent the last month with her brother Gerald Moya in a Downtown Albuquerque hospice home, reminiscing about their childhoods or his lime green 1964 Chevrolet Impala lowrider he loved to show off. Moya, 59, is battling stage 4 lung cancer and has days to live. ... Inhora is doing its best to ensure Moya feels comfortable. "I'm very happy because he's not in pain and he's not out there just laying on the road because that's what he'd probably be doing because we don't have a place to go," Marquez said. "We're both homeless." Since April, the hospice home on Tijeras NW, near Seventh Street, has served as a place for people who are unhoused or have low incomes to spend their final days with loved ones. "Our culture throws dying people away and hides them behind closed doors," said Miles Gloetzner, Inhora's founder and executive director. ""And they deserve better. They deserve dignity and compassion, ..."

Illinois plan calls for annual report on hospice, palliative care for prisoners WAND TV News, Springfield, IL; by Mike Miletich; 5/8/25 The Illinois House Restorative Justice & Public Safety Committee passed a bill Thursday [5/8] to require the Illinois Department of Corrections report data on hospice care available for prisoners. Over 1,000 Illinois prisoners are 65 or older, and a growing number of those people are in need of end-of-life care and support services. The Department of Corrections does not have a formal hospice program, as end-of-life care is provided on a prison-by-prison basis. Although, sponsors and advocates said this has led to inconsistent care for prisoners diagnosed with terminal illnesses or who are expected to reach the end of their life.

New study uncovers significant variations in life expectancy across U.S. states Bioengineer.org - Health; by Bioengineer; 5/7/25 "A Century of Unequal Longevity: How Geography and Policy Sculpt Life Expectancy in the United States"In an extensive new investigation led by the Yale School of Public Health (YSPH), researchers have unveiled profound disparities in life expectancy trends throughout the United States over the last hundred years. This groundbreaking study reveals how the interplay between public health policies, social environments, and regional factors critically shapes the longevity of populations across states and the nation’s capital, Washington, D.C. ... The findings are striking: while states in the Northeast and West Coast, alongside the District of Columbia, achieved remarkable gains in life expectancy over the twentieth century, several Southern states remained largely stagnant. Specifically, females born in some parts of the South experienced life expectancy increases of less than three years between 1900 and 2000.

Group estimates 7.2M US residents have Alzheimer's disease: Cases rise as Alzheimer's research funds are halted  MedPageToday; by Judy George; 4/29/25 The number of people with Alzheimer's dementia in the U.S. exceeded 7 million for the first time, new data from the Alzheimer's Association showed.An estimated 7.2 million Americans ages 65 and older now have Alzheimer's dementia, up from 6.9 million last year, according to the 2025 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures. Nearly three-fourths (74%) of that group are 75 and older. While prevalence studies of dementia in young people are limited, researchers estimated that approximately 110 of every 100,000 people ages 30 to 64 -- or about 200,000 Americans in total -- have young-onset dementia, the Alzheimer's Association said.

Breaking with the status quo in end-of-life care through de-implementation Journal of Internal Medicine; by Chetna Malhotra and Ellie Bostwick Andres; 4/17/25... In the realm of serious illness, many patients undergo interventions that may marginally prolong life but often sacrifice quality of life and entail significant costs. These interventions, categorized as ‘low-value care’, often involve complex procedures, frequent hospitalizations and intense medical management, leading to considerable discomfort, reduced functional ability and overall decreased well-being and calling into question the efficiency and effectiveness of current end-of-life (EOL) care practices. ... How to conduct de-implementation in EOL contexts:

Identifying palliative care needs in heart failure patients with nurse-led screening Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing; by Cantey, Christina DNP, FNP-C, AACC, CCK; Douglas-Mattis, Yhaneek DNP, AGACNP-BC; Lisiakowski, Jillian DNP, FNP-C; Fowler, Caley MSN, RN; Ejem, Deborah PhD, MA; 4/18/25 ... This quality improvement project aimed to improve the identification of unmet palliative care needs in patients with heart failure admitted to a progressive care unit by implementing a standardized nurse-administered palliative care screening tool. ... Implementing a nurse-administered screening tool effectively identified unmet palliative care needs among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and NYHA III. Despite low rates of palliative consults, standardization using IPOS could increase screening, contribute to institutional triggering palliative consultations, and improve awareness of unmet needs.

Assembly passes bill to allow medically assisted death for terminally ill New Yorkers NNY360, Watertown Daily Times and Northern New York Newspapers, Watertown, NY; by Alex Gault; 4/2925 The New York state legislature is poised to pass a bill that would allow terminally ill people to seek a medication to end their lives, a process called medical aid in dying. On Tuesday, the Assembly voted for the first time to advance a bill, carried by Assemblywoman Amy Paulin, D-Westchester, that would allow a terminally ill patient to ask for a prescription for a lethal medication, to be taken at home on their own terms. 

Patient, provider, and health system determinants of hospice Length of Stay Palliative Medicine Reports; by Eliza Thompson, Daniel Sanchez Pellecer, Gregory J Hanson, Shealeigh A Inselman, Jenn M Manggaard, Kevin J Whitford, Jacob J Strand, Rozalina G McCoy; 4/3/25Background: Benefits of hospice care, such as improvement in quality of life and reduced costs, depend on duration of enrollment in hospice services, making timely hospice referral essential. ... Conclusion: Based on a review of hospice referral patterns, the integration of hospice care into subspecialty practices, long-term care facilities, and advanced practice education could be an effective strategy to improve hospice LOS.

Hospice use by cause of death: A cohort study using Utah population database American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine - Sage Journals; by Rebecca L. Utz, PhD, Michael Hollingshaus, PhD, Attrayee Bandyopadhyay, MS, Kathie Supiano, PhD, Margaret Clayton, PhD, Katherine A. Ornstein, PhD, Djin Tay, PhD, Eli Iacob, Ken Smith, PhD, and Caroline Stephens, PhD; first published online 4/29/25 Illnesses such as cancer often follow a predictable trajectory of decline, while others, such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), follow a more dwindling and protracted decline. ... This study assesses whether hospice use differs by the underlying cause of death and whether current hospice eligibility and practices provide optimal EOL to all causes of death. Major Findings: Non-cancer decedents were more likely to have sub-optimal patterns of hospice care, including minimal use, lasting less than a week, and extended use, lasting more than 6 months. Stroke decedents were the most likely to have minimal-use patterns of hospice, whereas dementia and COPD decedents were most likely to have extended use. Conclusion: New models of hospice-like EOL care that can accommodate both short-term and long-term palliative care needs may help meet the diverse needs of patients and families facing different EOL trajectories associated with common causes of death.Editor's note: Compare this data with your own data of disease-related Length of Stay (LOS), live discharges, disease-related accuity needs, and more. How can we improve disease-related patient care, across the different trajectories of palliative/hospice care?